1. Textile: Building a solid foundation for fabrics
Textile technology is the first step in the birth of multi-purpose heat-insulated cold-weather tarpaulin. It is like the foundation of a high-rise building, which determines the basic performance and structural stability of the fabric. In this link, high-strength fiber materials such as polyester fiber and nylon become the protagonists. These fiber materials have given the fabric basic properties such as wear resistance, wrinkle resistance, high strength and light weight by virtue of their excellent properties.
Take polyester fiber as an example. Its tight molecular structure makes the fabric have excellent wear resistance. Even in the environment of frequent use and friction, it can maintain a good shape and is not easy to break and deform. Nylon fiber, with its high strength and lightness, makes Multi-Purpose Insulated Cold-Weather Tarpaulin easy to carry and use while having a strong load-bearing capacity. In the textile process, these fibers are interwoven with each other in a specific weaving method through special textile machinery, gradually forming a flat base fabric.
Different weaving methods will have a significant impact on the performance of the fabric. The surface of plain woven fabric is smooth and the texture is tight, with good wear resistance and waterproofness; the twill woven fabric is softer and has certain elasticity and strength; the satin woven fabric has a smooth surface, soft feel and more textured appearance. Textile technicians will carefully select the appropriate weaving method according to the final use of the fabric to ensure that the base fabric can provide an ideal carrier for the attachment of subsequent functional layers and protective layers.
2. Composite: The key to giving fabric multiple functions
When the base fabric is completed, it enters the composite link to give it core functions such as heat insulation, cold protection and waterproofing. Composite technology is like injecting "soul" into the fabric. By closely combining the functional layer material with the base fabric, the fabric can be transformed from a single material to a multifunctional composite. Common composite methods mainly include hot pressing composite and glue composite, each of which has its own characteristics and plays a unique role in different application scenarios.
(I) Hot pressing composite
Hot pressing composite is a process that closely combines functional layers such as thermal insulation materials and thermal insulation materials with base fabrics through high temperature and high pressure. In this process, high temperature can soften the surface of the functional layer material, so that it can fully contact with the fibers of the base fabric; high pressure promotes the formation of a strong physical connection between the two, so that the functional layer material can be closely attached to the base fabric.
The advantage of hot pressing lamination is that it can ensure a strong connection between the materials without causing much impact on the air permeability of the fabric. Taking aluminized film, a common thermal insulation material, as an example, during the hot pressing lamination process, high temperature slightly softens the surface of the aluminized film, and high pressure presses it tightly on the base fabric to form a uniform reflective layer. In this way, when the external heat is transmitted in the form of thermal radiation, the aluminized film can effectively reflect it back, thereby achieving the heat insulation function. At the same time, since the hot pressing lamination does not completely close the fiber gap of the fabric, the fabric can still maintain a certain air permeability, so that the internal moisture can be discharged, avoiding the user from feeling stuffy.
The control of the process parameters of hot pressing lamination is very critical. Too high temperature or too high pressure may cause the fabric to deform and the functional layer material to be damaged; too low temperature or insufficient pressure will make the functional layer and the base fabric not firmly bonded, affecting the performance of the fabric. Therefore, in actual production, it is necessary to accurately adjust the temperature, pressure and time of hot pressing according to the characteristics of different materials to ensure the best composite effect.
(II) Glue composite Glue composite is a process of using special glue to stick the layers of materials together. This method has extremely high requirements on the performance of glue. It not only requires the glue to have good viscosity and be able to firmly bond the functional layer and the base layer, but also requires the glue to have excellent weather resistance and be able to maintain stable performance under different environmental conditions, and not easy to age or fall off.
In the process of glue composite, the glue needs to be evenly applied to the surface of the functional layer or the base layer fabric. The coating method can be roller coating, spraying, etc. to ensure that the glue is evenly distributed and avoid excessive or insufficient local glue. Then, the two layers of materials coated with glue are bonded together, and a certain pressure is applied to allow the glue to fully penetrate into the fiber gaps of the material to form a strong bond.
Different types of glue are suitable for different material combinations. For example, for some fabrics with high environmental requirements, water-based glue will be used. This glue uses water as a solvent and does not contain harmful organic solvents. It will not release harmful gases during use and is friendly to the human body and the environment. For some fabrics that need to be used in harsh environments, hot melt adhesives or reactive glues with high strength and high weather resistance will be used. They can maintain good viscosity in high temperature, low temperature, humidity and other environments to ensure the stability of the fabric's performance.
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